Leather Allergy – Symptoms, Causes and Prevention

We use leather products in our daily lives. Our bags, shoes, and belts are all made of leather. Leather is a product one cannot simply do without. Even our sofas and car seats are made of leather. We are constantly exposed to leather products.

Leather is a primary export product in several countries. The respective Governments make much revenue by selling leather products outside their borders.

Leather allergy is not caused by the leather itself but by the chrome present in it. Chromium is often used in the tanning process, and several leather products contain chrome. Leather allergy results in contact dermatitis, a common skin condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the skin upon contact with allergens or irritants.

Chromium is used in construction materials. Several well-known car companies, such as Volvo, avoid chromium in their leather seats. The amount of chromium used by companies in various leather products varies from company to company. Those who suffer from chromium allergy cannot use such leather products and must avoid them.

Symptoms of leather allergy

Some of the top leather allergy symptoms are:

• Rash.
• Redness.
• Blisters.
• Itchiness.
• Hives.

Symptoms typically arise within 12 to 72 hours after exposure to the allergen, and they can persist for weeks if not treated properly [5].

Causes of Leather Allergy

Primary products that cause leather allergy are:

• Adhesives.
• Rubber chemicals.
• Preservatives.
• Chromium

Chromium salts, particularly Cr(III) and Cr(VI), are known to cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals [2]. Prolonged exposure to chromium-tanned leather can elicit allergic contact dermatitis, especially in those who have a history of sensitivity [4].

Prevention of leather allergy?

• One must use chrome-free leather products.
• If any footwear is causing an allergy, one must avoid using it.
• One can switch to other products, thus avoiding leather products.
• One must check with one’s allergist if one suffers from chromium allergy.

Awareness of potential allergens and choosing alternative materials can significantly reduce the risk of developing an allergy [6].

Tests for leather allergy

Skin prick and blood tests are conducted to detect leather allergy. An allergist performs such tests to see if one is allergic to chromium. Patch testing is particularly useful for diagnosing contact dermatitis related to chromium exposure [3].

Leather is a precious product used to produce many dairy products. Yet some are allergic to it and cannot use such products.

Leather Allergy FAQ

How do I know if I’m allergic to leather?

Leather allergies are one of the most common forms of allergic contact dermatitis and can be caused by any leather product. Symptoms may include redness, itchiness, and swelling. Identifying which products you are sensitive to and avoiding them altogether is essential. If that isn’t possible, then try using a milder form of the product (like sheepskin) or using it in limited areas only. And lastly, take allergy medication as prescribed if necessary [5].

Can you be allergic to leather gloves?

It is possible to be allergic to leather gloves. This is because leather contains a protein called allergen-binding globulin (ABG), which can cause an immune reaction in some people [1]. Therefore, if you experience difficulty breathing, hives, or other symptoms after wearing these gloves, avoiding them might be best, and try another type instead.

How do you treat leather allergies?

If you are experiencing leather allergies, the first step is identifying the allergen. This can be done by asking questions about your symptoms and then doing an elimination trial. You may need to do a patch test if it’s unclear which item causes your allergic reaction [5]. After identifying the allergen, treatment options include over-the-counter or prescription medications containing antihistamines or corticosteroids. In severe cases, epinephrine (adrenaline) injections may also be necessary for individuals with severe reactions.

Understanding the causes and symptoms of leather allergies can help individuals make informed choices about their exposure to various products containing chromium and other potential allergens. Awareness and avoidance remain key strategies for managing this condition effectively.